Toyota Supply Chain
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OverviewAs Design Director on a two-year transformation initiative with Toyota, I helped unify 12 fragmented product workstreams under a shared design vision. By reframing communication breakdowns as design challenges, we built a platform that not only improved ETA accuracy and transparency, but fundamentally changed how teams collaborated across the organization.

My Team06x User Experience Designers
02x User Researchers


My RoleDesign Leadership & Strategy
User-Centered Research & Insights
Team Management & Mentorship
DesignOps & Cross-Functional Processes


Our Impact
99% reduction in time for aggregate record retrieval
20% reduction in status inquiries due to visibility






The Problem


At the height of the pandemic, Toyota’s supply chain was under immense pressure. Dealers couldn’t provide reliable updates to customers. Regional planners struggled to trust their data. Teams relied on siloed tools and outdated systems that weren’t built for transparency or cross-functional collaboration.

“I don’t care if it’s a railhead that doesn’t have employees because of COVID, or it’s a supplier that can’t supply a part that stops a line, or all the different things that go along with that. It would be great to have some transparency so that we could tell a customer that their vehicle was going to be here in two weeks, or 10 days, or four months, whatever, but be able to update them when something changes.”
Danny Wilson, Head of the Toyota National Dealer Advisory Council







Insight


In response, Toyota engaged an outside firm to help define a digital strategy focused on improving visibility. While the engagement provided helpful insight into current priorities and surfaced key pain points, it ultimately left the organization with a long list of fragmented capabilities and no cohesive experience vision to connect them.
Toyota began standing up individual product teams, each owned by different parts of the business, to execute on key visibility capabilities. However, it quickly became clear through our initial assignments that many teams were solving similar problems with significant overlap and dependency. 

With multiple teams moving in parallel and no unifying framework, the risk wasn’t just redundancy. It was the likelihood of making inconsistent decisions that pulled Toyota further apart at a time when unity was critical.


With multiple teams moving in parallel and no unifying framework, the risk wasn’t just redundancy. It was ontology drift.


Our IBM design team saw this not as a series of discrete issues, but as symptoms of a systemic communication failure. It was a design problem at its core.
We identified this as an opportunity for design to lead, not just by delivering screens but by shaping a cohesive experience strategy that could bridge silos. We knew our practices in enterprise design thinking, systems modeling, and cross-functional facilitation could help teams connect the dots and create solutions that were stronger together than apart.


User Research: Listening Across Roles
To further understand the root of the problem, my team conducted over 100 interviews across 20+ roles, surfacing a clear pattern: Toyota didn’t just have a visibility problem; it had a communication problem.


We conducted extensive fieldwork that led to a detailed mapping of roles, user personas, and behavioral archetypes.


Process Mapping: Understanding the Ecosystem
In parallel, we mapped the end-to-end workflows across Toyota's vehicle supply chain to uncover the full operational ecosystem. We documented key actions, dependencies, and areas of friction across phases and roles.

This mapping effort gave teams a shared understanding of how things worked today and laid the groundwork for prioritizing and designing a more seamless, cross-functional experience.


We weren’t just looking for tasks or touchpoints. We wanted to uncover the full ecosystem.


Key Insights: Foundations for Alignment
Together, the user research and process mapping efforts uncovered the hidden forces behind Toyota's fragmented supply chain experience.

Teams operated with different frameworks for how concepts and relationships are defined. These misalignments extended beyond data tracking to fundamental disagreements about how the supply chain itself was understood.
For instance, one group might define a vehicle as "in transit" once it leaves the factory, while another only after it's loaded onto a railcar. These disconnects made it hard to coordinate actions, assign ownership, or surface issues.

  • Without a shared language or data model, reconciling records was slow and error-prone.
  • These mismatches strained communication and fragmented visibility.
  • Cumbersome legacy tools compounded the problem with poor usability, manual data entry, and inconsistent accuracy.

These insights validated our perspective that Toyota’s visibility issues were rooted in a deeper communication breakdown. This breakdown stemmed from ontology drift, where teams used the same terms but with conflicting definitions. The findings gave us the evidence needed to align stakeholders around this idea and begin designing a unified platform not just for data, but for shared understanding.







They didn’t just need features.
They needed better communication.



Idea


Workshops and Shared Problem Statements
We set out to bridge the gaps, not just in data but in dialogue.

We facilitated a series of design thinking workshops across Toyota’s Plano, TX campus, bringing together teams from Logistics, Supply Management, Quality, and Regional Operations. These sessions weren’t just for ideation. They were built around mutual understanding:

  • Teams co-mapped workflows and surfaced tensions in communication.
  • We validated role-specific personas to keep needs and pain points top of mind.
  • Shared problem statements emerged that shaped cross-functional MVPs.

Rather than building siloed tools, we focused on uncovering shared needs and overlapping opportunities across the supply chain.


Workshops were held across Toyota’s NA headquarters in Plano, TX.
We framed our workshops around shared, cross-functional problems in order to co-create more aligned solutions.
MVP's were defined around capabilities to serve cross-funcitonal needs.


Golden Threads: A Shared Vision for Change

To guide product and design teams through ambiguity, we developed "Golden Threads," future-state narratives that tied together:

  • Prioritized capabilities (like ETA accuracy or pipeline visibility)
  • Cross-functional workflows (e.g., what happens when a vehicle is delayed?)
  • Unified design principles and data requirements


The microsite served as a living artifact of our process from research insights to experience-based product roadmaps.
Each slice of the Golden Thread was more than a story. It was a modular design spec.

These narratives became our north stars. Every team could reference them to align decisions, validate solutions, and stay focused on real-world impact. It allowed product, engineering, and operations teams to move from shared vision into phased delivery.

As our work progressed, we shifted our thinking toward a more coordinated system. One where different steps of a shared workflow could be owned by different teams and executed in harmony toward a common goal.


Instead of siloed actions we began prioritizing seamless handoffs, a common language, and aligned behaviors. 








Over the course of two years, we executed those visions into tangible solutions:






Logistics Pipeline
Helped teams quickly identify exceptions, bottlenecks, and capacity constraints across facilities. Visualizations surfaced operational pressure points for faster coordination.

Toyota Logistics Services pinpoints affected vehicles using geolocation data and real-time yard visibility.
Teams can assess facility conditions and view total inventory.


Vehicle Queries & Reporting
Enabled users to build collaborative reports and act as a hub for tracking, managing, and sharing updates about vehicle status across the supply chain.

Teams can create and share the query with additional context to cross-functional team members. 
Query result views can be customized and distributed so teams are aligned on events and impact.
The shared views become a launching pad for a variety of supply chain management activities.


Vehicle Record
Served as the single source of truth for all vehicle data. Every user, from factory teams to dealers and customers, accessed role-based views into the same live record.

The old vehicle record existed in a legacy ‘green screen’ system across 30+ individual inquiry screens with severe limitations in usability, searchability, and scalability. Systems like this were commonplace, and resulted in it sometimes taking days to pull aggregate vehicle data.




To address these challenges, we conducted extensive sorting and tree testing research across the organization to generate and evaluate a new record taxonomy. 


The work is mysterious and important


This approach allowed us to design a more intuitive structure that made it easier for team members across different departments, each with varying priorities, to quickly find the data they needed. The sections of the vehicle record were stacked vertically, allowing for a more scalable and flexible information architecture. 

This layout enabled Toyota to swap modules in and out based on user roles or permissions, ensuring that team members had access to the most relevant data.





One critical piece of the record to get right was the vehicle journey, as it was essential to various stakeholders. 
The original layout for the vehicle journey followed a horizontal "pizza tracker" format, which quickly revealed limitations. It struggled to scale effectively, making it difficult to add new events or additional data points without compromising usability.





Through iterative testing and direct engagement with Supply Management and Logistics users, we explored various ways to improve the organization of journey content. By optimizing around a split vertical timeline view, with timestamps on the left and event descriptions on the right, we found the right balance of scanability and information density.




The final journey design successfully communicated time, event details, and vehicle status in a way that was intuitive and adaptable. It could be positioned atop a map for geographic context or within a narrower panel view for a more compact display. 

Additionally, the new vertical structure significantly improved usability on tablets and mobile devices, ensuring a seamless experience across different screen sizes.


The vehicle journey conveyed a lot bit in a little bit of space. 


Through iterative testing and design, we ensured that the new vehicle record structure streamlined workflows, improved searchability, and aligned with the operational priorities of Toyota’s supply chain teams.



Supply Pipeline & Alert Framework
Surfaced national and regional insights with proactive alerts around trends, delays, and risks—delivered to the right teams at the right time.

As the platform matured and more data became available, we worked closely with the business and data teams to define a proactive alerting framework that could detect and surface potential supply chain disruptions in real-time. 

The most critical disruption scenarios included unexpected vehicle dwell times, transit delays, capacity constraints, potential bottlenecks at plants or distribution hubs, and holds placed on vehicles due to quality or compliance issues.


Our alert framework allowed for flexibility in customizing what events were elevated to whom.


Our framework considered key contextual properties such as where in the end-to-end journey the issue was occurring, its severity, and the threshold required to trigger an alert. This logic was customized for different user groups based on their specific priorities. For example, logistics teams received alerts on bottlenecks affecting multiple vehicles, while dealers were notified of delays impacting customer orders.

Once an alert was triggered, the system automatically aggregated affected vehicles into segments based on common characteristics like plant origin, vehicle series, or geographic region. This allowed Toyota teams to quickly identify systemic patterns and take targeted action.


Top contributors to the alert would be presented by segment.


Users were then able to click into each segment to arrive at an actionable vehicle list.


With this new capability teams could more efficiently collaborate, whether it was supply chain managers coordinating with logistics partners or regional leads notifying dealers about delayed vehicle deliveries. This level of transparency empowered Toyota to transition from reactive problem-solving to proactive exception management.

Supply Pipeline displayed any measures treanding outside set thresholds for raising alerts.
Clicking into an alert displayed a breakdown of the measure over time.
Root causes displayed by segment aided teams in identifying potential causes for that measure’s alert.


Holds Management
Empowered Quality Compliance teams to initiate inspections, assess damage, manage hold status, and control downstream vehicle flow.

From the shared vehicle list, Quality Compliance starts a Hold Group for affected units.
Coordinated inspections and repairs across regional service teams based on damage severity.
Locating and drilling into specific vehicles was made easier through various views.


3rd Party System Integration
We worked closely with external dealer and distributor systems so that they could tap into the same data fabric and UI patterns, aligning external stakeholders (such as dealers and customer services) with Toyota’s internal operations.

Dealer Daily was used to manage individual dealer inventories and began leveraging a shared language with internal teams.


These weren’t standalone features. Each one laid the foundation for Cube. Toyota’s new supply chain nerve center also became a tool for organizational alignment.
One platform, one story.






"Brendan has been instrumental in transforming the way we approach supply chain visibility at Toyota. His leadership in design and strategic thinking brought clarity to a complex problem, ensuring that our teams had intuitive, human-centered tools to navigate supply chain disruptions effectively. He introduced us to new ways of working, leveraging Enterprise Design Thinking to align stakeholders and deliver solutions that provide real-time transparency into vehicle locations, estimated arrival times, and delivery prioritization. His ability to balance business needs with user experience has made a significant impact on our efficiency and customer satisfaction."

Demand & Supply Management Executive Sponsor, Toyota








Impact


Together, we delivered Cube, Toyota’s new nerve center for supply chain management. More than a product, Cube became a model for how teams could work better together:
  • 99% reduction in time to retrieve aggregate vehicle records
  • 80%+ ETA accuracy for vehicles in transit
  • 20% reduction in status inquiries from dealers and internal teams
  • Four product MVPs launched across 12 regions, backed by a growing user base
  • Introduction of the Tess Design System, enabling consistent, scalable UX across the program


The real win? Communication became a capability.
Teams moved from phone trees and email chains to shared views and coordinated actions. From damage inspection after a hailstorm to proactive dealer updates, Toyota teams now operate from a common platform and a common understanding.

This wasn’t just a systems transformation. It was an organizational one. Design didn’t just ship features, but it helped shape culture. It helped Toyota move from confusion to clarity, and from disjointed tools to shared intent.
 


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© 2025 Brendan Appe